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# MySQL Connector/Python - MySQL driver written in Python.
"""Django database Backend using MySQL Connector/Python
This Django database backend is heavily based on the MySQL backend coming
with Django.
Changes include:
* Support for microseconds (MySQL 5.6.3 and later)
* Using INFORMATION_SCHEMA where possible
* Using new defaults for, for example SQL_AUTO_IS_NULL
Requires and comes with MySQL Connector/Python v1.1 and later:
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/python/
"""
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from datetime import datetime
import sys
import warnings
import django
from django.utils.functional import cached_property
try:
import mysql.connector
from mysql.connector.conversion import MySQLConverter, MySQLConverterBase
from mysql.connector.catch23 import PY2
except ImportError as err:
from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
raise ImproperlyConfigured(
"Error loading mysql.connector module: {0}".format(err))
try:
version = mysql.connector.__version_info__[0:3]
except AttributeError:
from mysql.connector.version import VERSION
version = VERSION[0:3]
try:
from _mysql_connector import datetime_to_mysql, time_to_mysql
except ImportError:
HAVE_CEXT = False
else:
HAVE_CEXT = True
if version < (1, 1):
from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
raise ImproperlyConfigured(
"MySQL Connector/Python v1.1.0 or newer "
"is required; you have %s" % mysql.connector.__version__)
from django.db import utils
if django.VERSION < (1, 7):
from django.db.backends import util
else:
from django.db.backends import utils as backend_utils
if django.VERSION >= (1, 8):
from django.db.backends.base.base import BaseDatabaseWrapper
else:
from django.db.backends import BaseDatabaseWrapper
from django.db.backends.signals import connection_created
from django.utils import (six, timezone, dateparse)
from django.conf import settings
from mysql.connector.django.client import DatabaseClient
from mysql.connector.django.creation import DatabaseCreation
from mysql.connector.django.introspection import DatabaseIntrospection
from mysql.connector.django.validation import DatabaseValidation
from mysql.connector.django.features import DatabaseFeatures
from mysql.connector.django.operations import DatabaseOperations
if django.VERSION >= (1, 7):
from mysql.connector.django.schema import DatabaseSchemaEditor
DatabaseError = mysql.connector.DatabaseError
IntegrityError = mysql.connector.IntegrityError
NotSupportedError = mysql.connector.NotSupportedError
def adapt_datetime_with_timezone_support(value):
# Equivalent to DateTimeField.get_db_prep_value. Used only by raw SQL.
if settings.USE_TZ:
if timezone.is_naive(value):
warnings.warn("MySQL received a naive datetime (%s)"
" while time zone support is active." % value,
RuntimeWarning)
default_timezone = timezone.get_default_timezone()
value = timezone.make_aware(value, default_timezone)
value = value.astimezone(timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None)
if HAVE_CEXT:
return datetime_to_mysql(value)
else:
return value.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f")
class DjangoMySQLConverter(MySQLConverter):
"""Custom converter for Django for MySQLConnection"""
def _TIME_to_python(self, value, dsc=None):
"""Return MySQL TIME data type as datetime.time()
Returns datetime.time()
"""
return dateparse.parse_time(value.decode('utf-8'))
def _DATETIME_to_python(self, value, dsc=None):
"""Connector/Python always returns naive datetime.datetime
Connector/Python always returns naive timestamps since MySQL has
no time zone support. Since Django needs non-naive, we need to add
the UTC time zone.
Returns datetime.datetime()
"""
if not value:
return None
dt = MySQLConverter._DATETIME_to_python(self, value)
if dt is None:
return None
if settings.USE_TZ and timezone.is_naive(dt):
dt = dt.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
return dt
def _safetext_to_mysql(self, value):
if PY2:
return self._unicode_to_mysql(value)
else:
return self._str_to_mysql(value)
def _safebytes_to_mysql(self, value):
return self._bytes_to_mysql(value)
class DjangoCMySQLConverter(MySQLConverterBase):
"""Custom converter for Django for CMySQLConnection"""
def _TIME_to_python(self, value, dsc=None):
"""Return MySQL TIME data type as datetime.time()
Returns datetime.time()
"""
return dateparse.parse_time(str(value))
def _DATETIME_to_python(self, value, dsc=None):
"""Connector/Python always returns naive datetime.datetime
Connector/Python always returns naive timestamps since MySQL has
no time zone support. Since Django needs non-naive, we need to add
the UTC time zone.
Returns datetime.datetime()
"""
if not value:
return None
if settings.USE_TZ and timezone.is_naive(value):
value = value.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
return value
class CursorWrapper(object):
"""Wrapper around MySQL Connector/Python's cursor class.
The cursor class is defined by the options passed to MySQL
Connector/Python. If buffered option is True in those options,
MySQLCursorBuffered will be used.
"""
codes_for_integrityerror = (1048,)
def __init__(self, cursor):
self.cursor = cursor
def _execute_wrapper(self, method, query, args):
"""Wrapper around execute() and executemany()"""
try:
return method(query, args)
except (mysql.connector.ProgrammingError) as err:
six.reraise(utils.ProgrammingError,
utils.ProgrammingError(err.msg), sys.exc_info()[2])
except (mysql.connector.IntegrityError) as err:
six.reraise(utils.IntegrityError,
utils.IntegrityError(err.msg), sys.exc_info()[2])
except mysql.connector.OperationalError as err:
# Map some error codes to IntegrityError, since they seem to be
# misclassified and Django would prefer the more logical place.
if err.args[0] in self.codes_for_integrityerror:
six.reraise(utils.IntegrityError,
utils.IntegrityError(err.msg), sys.exc_info()[2])
else:
six.reraise(utils.DatabaseError,
utils.DatabaseError(err.msg), sys.exc_info()[2])
except mysql.connector.DatabaseError as err:
six.reraise(utils.DatabaseError,
utils.DatabaseError(err.msg), sys.exc_info()[2])
def _adapt_execute_args_dict(self, args):
if not args:
return args
new_args = dict(args)
for key, value in args.items():
if isinstance(value, datetime):
new_args[key] = adapt_datetime_with_timezone_support(value)
return new_args
def _adapt_execute_args(self, args):
if not args:
return args
new_args = list(args)
for i, arg in enumerate(args):
if isinstance(arg, datetime):
new_args[i] = adapt_datetime_with_timezone_support(arg)
return tuple(new_args)
def execute(self, query, args=None):
"""Executes the given operation
This wrapper method around the execute()-method of the cursor is
mainly needed to re-raise using different exceptions.
"""
if isinstance(args, dict):
new_args = self._adapt_execute_args_dict(args)
else:
new_args = self._adapt_execute_args(args)
return self._execute_wrapper(self.cursor.execute, query, new_args)
def executemany(self, query, args):
"""Executes the given operation
This wrapper method around the executemany()-method of the cursor is
mainly needed to re-raise using different exceptions.
"""
return self._execute_wrapper(self.cursor.executemany, query, args)
def __getattr__(self, attr):
"""Return attribute of wrapped cursor"""
return getattr(self.cursor, attr)
def __iter__(self):
"""Returns iterator over wrapped cursor"""
return iter(self.cursor)
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback):
self.close()
class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
vendor = 'mysql'
# This dictionary maps Field objects to their associated MySQL column
# types, as strings. Column-type strings can contain format strings; they'll
# be interpolated against the values of Field.__dict__ before being output.
# If a column type is set to None, it won't be included in the output.
# Moved from DatabaseCreation class in Django v1.8
_data_types = {
'AutoField': 'integer AUTO_INCREMENT',
'BinaryField': 'longblob',
'BooleanField': 'bool',
'CharField': 'varchar(%(max_length)s)',
'CommaSeparatedIntegerField': 'varchar(%(max_length)s)',
'DateField': 'date',
'DateTimeField': 'datetime',
'DecimalField': 'numeric(%(max_digits)s, %(decimal_places)s)',
'DurationField': 'bigint',
'FileField': 'varchar(%(max_length)s)',
'FilePathField': 'varchar(%(max_length)s)',
'FloatField': 'double precision',
'IntegerField': 'integer',
'BigIntegerField': 'bigint',
'IPAddressField': 'char(15)',
'GenericIPAddressField': 'char(39)',
'NullBooleanField': 'bool',
'OneToOneField': 'integer',
'PositiveIntegerField': 'integer UNSIGNED',
'PositiveSmallIntegerField': 'smallint UNSIGNED',
'SlugField': 'varchar(%(max_length)s)',
'SmallIntegerField': 'smallint',
'TextField': 'longtext',
'TimeField': 'time',
'UUIDField': 'char(32)',
}
@cached_property
def data_types(self):
if self.features.supports_microsecond_precision:
return dict(self._data_types, DateTimeField='datetime(6)',
TimeField='time(6)')
else:
return self._data_types
operators = {
'exact': '= %s',
'iexact': 'LIKE %s',
'contains': 'LIKE BINARY %s',
'icontains': 'LIKE %s',
'regex': 'REGEXP BINARY %s',
'iregex': 'REGEXP %s',
'gt': '> %s',
'gte': '>= %s',
'lt': '< %s',
'lte': '<= %s',
'startswith': 'LIKE BINARY %s',
'endswith': 'LIKE BINARY %s',
'istartswith': 'LIKE %s',
'iendswith': 'LIKE %s',
}
# The patterns below are used to generate SQL pattern lookup clauses when
# the right-hand side of the lookup isn't a raw string (it might be an
# expression or the result of a bilateral transformation).
# In those cases, special characters for LIKE operators (e.g. \, *, _)
# should be escaped on database side.
#
# Note: we use str.format() here for readability as '%' is used as a
# wildcard for the LIKE operator.
pattern_esc = (r"REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE({}, '\\', '\\\\'),"
r" '%%', '\%%'), '_', '\_')")
pattern_ops = {
'contains': "LIKE BINARY CONCAT('%%', {}, '%%')",
'icontains': "LIKE CONCAT('%%', {}, '%%')",
'startswith': "LIKE BINARY CONCAT({}, '%%')",
'istartswith': "LIKE CONCAT({}, '%%')",
'endswith': "LIKE BINARY CONCAT('%%', {})",
'iendswith': "LIKE CONCAT('%%', {})",
}
SchemaEditorClass = DatabaseSchemaEditor
Database = mysql.connector
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(DatabaseWrapper, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
try:
self._use_pure = self.settings_dict['OPTIONS']['use_pure']
except KeyError:
self._use_pure = True
if not self.use_pure:
self.converter = DjangoCMySQLConverter()
else:
self.converter = DjangoMySQLConverter()
self.ops = DatabaseOperations(self)
self.features = DatabaseFeatures(self)
self.client = DatabaseClient(self)
self.creation = DatabaseCreation(self)
self.introspection = DatabaseIntrospection(self)
self.validation = DatabaseValidation(self)
def _valid_connection(self):
if self.connection:
return self.connection.is_connected()
return False
def get_connection_params(self):
# Django 1.6
kwargs = {
'charset': 'utf8',
'use_unicode': True,
'buffered': False,
'consume_results': True,
}
settings_dict = self.settings_dict
if settings_dict['USER']:
kwargs['user'] = settings_dict['USER']
if settings_dict['NAME']:
kwargs['database'] = settings_dict['NAME']
if settings_dict['PASSWORD']:
kwargs['passwd'] = settings_dict['PASSWORD']
if settings_dict['HOST'].startswith('/'):
kwargs['unix_socket'] = settings_dict['HOST']
elif settings_dict['HOST']:
kwargs['host'] = settings_dict['HOST']
if settings_dict['PORT']:
kwargs['port'] = int(settings_dict['PORT'])
# Raise exceptions for database warnings if DEBUG is on
kwargs['raise_on_warnings'] = settings.DEBUG
kwargs['client_flags'] = [
# Need potentially affected rows on UPDATE
mysql.connector.constants.ClientFlag.FOUND_ROWS,
]
try:
kwargs.update(settings_dict['OPTIONS'])
except KeyError:
# OPTIONS missing is OK
pass
return kwargs
def get_new_connection(self, conn_params):
# Django 1.6
if not self.use_pure:
conn_params['converter_class'] = DjangoCMySQLConverter
else:
conn_params['converter_class'] = DjangoMySQLConverter
cnx = mysql.connector.connect(**conn_params)
return cnx
def init_connection_state(self):
# Django 1.6
if self.mysql_version < (5, 5, 3):
# See sysvar_sql_auto_is_null in MySQL Reference manual
self.connection.cmd_query("SET SQL_AUTO_IS_NULL = 0")
if 'AUTOCOMMIT' in self.settings_dict:
try:
# Django 1.6
self.set_autocommit(self.settings_dict['AUTOCOMMIT'])
except AttributeError:
self._set_autocommit(self.settings_dict['AUTOCOMMIT'])
def create_cursor(self):
# Django 1.6
cursor = self.connection.cursor()
return CursorWrapper(cursor)
def _connect(self):
"""Setup the connection with MySQL"""
self.connection = self.get_new_connection(self.get_connection_params())
connection_created.send(sender=self.__class__, connection=self)
self.init_connection_state()
def _cursor(self):
"""Return a CursorWrapper object
Returns a CursorWrapper
"""
try:
# Django 1.6
return super(DatabaseWrapper, self)._cursor()
except AttributeError:
if not self.connection:
self._connect()
return self.create_cursor()
def get_server_version(self):
"""Returns the MySQL server version of current connection
Returns a tuple
"""
try:
# Django 1.6
self.ensure_connection()
except AttributeError:
if not self.connection:
self._connect()
return self.connection.get_server_version()
def disable_constraint_checking(self):
"""Disables foreign key checks
Disables foreign key checks, primarily for use in adding rows with
forward references. Always returns True,
to indicate constraint checks need to be re-enabled.
Returns True
"""
self.cursor().execute('SET @@session.foreign_key_checks = 0')
return True
def enable_constraint_checking(self):
"""Re-enable foreign key checks
Re-enable foreign key checks after they have been disabled.
"""
# Override needs_rollback in case constraint_checks_disabled is
# nested inside transaction.atomic.
if django.VERSION >= (1, 6):
self.needs_rollback, needs_rollback = False, self.needs_rollback
try:
self.cursor().execute('SET @@session.foreign_key_checks = 1')
finally:
if django.VERSION >= (1, 6):
self.needs_rollback = needs_rollback
def check_constraints(self, table_names=None):
"""Check rows in tables for invalid foreign key references
Checks each table name in `table_names` for rows with invalid foreign
key references. This method is intended to be used in conjunction with
`disable_constraint_checking()` and `enable_constraint_checking()`, to
determine if rows with invalid references were entered while
constraint checks were off.
Raises an IntegrityError on the first invalid foreign key reference
encountered (if any) and provides detailed information about the
invalid reference in the error message.
Backends can override this method if they can more directly apply
constraint checking (e.g. via "SET CONSTRAINTS ALL IMMEDIATE")
"""
ref_query = """
SELECT REFERRING.`{0}`, REFERRING.`{1}` FROM `{2}` as REFERRING
LEFT JOIN `{3}` as REFERRED
ON (REFERRING.`{4}` = REFERRED.`{5}`)
WHERE REFERRING.`{6}` IS NOT NULL AND REFERRED.`{7}` IS NULL"""
cursor = self.cursor()
if table_names is None:
table_names = self.introspection.table_names(cursor)
for table_name in table_names:
primary_key_column_name = \
self.introspection.get_primary_key_column(cursor, table_name)
if not primary_key_column_name:
continue
key_columns = self.introspection.get_key_columns(cursor,
table_name)
for column_name, referenced_table_name, referenced_column_name \
in key_columns:
cursor.execute(ref_query.format(primary_key_column_name,
column_name, table_name,
referenced_table_name,
column_name,
referenced_column_name,
column_name,
referenced_column_name))
for bad_row in cursor.fetchall():
msg = ("The row in table '{0}' with primary key '{1}' has "
"an invalid foreign key: {2}.{3} contains a value "
"'{4}' that does not have a corresponding value in "
"{5}.{6}.".format(table_name, bad_row[0],
table_name, column_name,
bad_row[1], referenced_table_name,
referenced_column_name))
raise utils.IntegrityError(msg)
def _rollback(self):
try:
BaseDatabaseWrapper._rollback(self)
except NotSupportedError:
pass
def _set_autocommit(self, autocommit):
# Django 1.6
with self.wrap_database_errors:
self.connection.autocommit = autocommit
def schema_editor(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""Returns a new instance of this backend's SchemaEditor"""
# Django 1.7
return DatabaseSchemaEditor(self, *args, **kwargs)
def is_usable(self):
# Django 1.6
return self.connection.is_connected()
@cached_property
def mysql_version(self):
config = self.get_connection_params()
temp_conn = mysql.connector.connect(**config)
server_version = temp_conn.get_server_version()
temp_conn.close()
return server_version
@property
def use_pure(self):
return not HAVE_CEXT or self._use_pure
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