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import logging
import select
import os
import struct
import collections
import time
from errno import EINTR
import inotify.constants
import inotify.calls
# Constants.
_DEFAULT_EPOLL_BLOCK_DURATION_S = 1
_HEADER_STRUCT_FORMAT = 'iIII'
_DEFAULT_TERMINAL_EVENTS = (
'IN_Q_OVERFLOW',
'IN_UNMOUNT',
)
# Globals.
_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
_INOTIFY_EVENT = collections.namedtuple(
'_INOTIFY_EVENT',
[
'wd',
'mask',
'cookie',
'len',
])
_STRUCT_HEADER_LENGTH = struct.calcsize(_HEADER_STRUCT_FORMAT)
_IS_DEBUG = bool(int(os.environ.get('DEBUG', '0')))
class EventTimeoutException(Exception):
pass
class TerminalEventException(Exception):
def __init__(self, type_name, event):
super(TerminalEventException, self).__init__(type_name)
self.event = event
class Inotify(object):
def __init__(self, paths=[], block_duration_s=_DEFAULT_EPOLL_BLOCK_DURATION_S):
self.__block_duration = block_duration_s
self.__watches = {}
self.__watches_r = {}
self.__buffer = b''
self.__inotify_fd = inotify.calls.inotify_init()
_LOGGER.debug("Inotify handle is (%d).", self.__inotify_fd)
self.__epoll = select.epoll()
self.__epoll.register(self.__inotify_fd, select.POLLIN)
self.__last_success_return = None
for path in paths:
self.add_watch(path)
def __get_block_duration(self):
"""Allow the block-duration to be an integer or a function-call."""
try:
return self.__block_duration()
except TypeError:
# A scalar value describing seconds.
return self.__block_duration
def __del__(self):
_LOGGER.debug("Cleaning-up inotify.")
os.close(self.__inotify_fd)
def add_watch(self, path_unicode, mask=inotify.constants.IN_ALL_EVENTS):
_LOGGER.debug("Adding watch: [%s]", path_unicode)
# Because there might be race-conditions in the recursive handling (see
# the notes in the documentation), we recommend to add watches using
# data from a secondary channel, if possible, which means that we might
# then be adding it, yet again, if we then receive it in the normal
# fashion afterward.
if path_unicode in self.__watches:
_LOGGER.warning("Path already being watched: [%s]", path_unicode)
return
path_bytes = path_unicode.encode('utf8')
wd = inotify.calls.inotify_add_watch(self.__inotify_fd, path_bytes, mask)
_LOGGER.debug("Added watch (%d): [%s]", wd, path_unicode)
self.__watches[path_unicode] = wd
self.__watches_r[wd] = path_unicode
return wd
def remove_watch(self, path, superficial=False):
"""Remove our tracking information and call inotify to stop watching
the given path. When a directory is removed, we'll just have to remove
our tracking since inotify already cleans-up the watch.
"""
wd = self.__watches.get(path)
if wd is None:
return
_LOGGER.debug("Removing watch for watch-handle (%d): [%s]",
wd, path)
del self.__watches[path]
self.remove_watch_with_id(wd)
def remove_watch_with_id(self, wd, superficial=False):
del self.__watches_r[wd]
if superficial is False:
_LOGGER.debug("Removing watch for watch-handle (%d).", wd)
inotify.calls.inotify_rm_watch(self.__inotify_fd, wd)
def _get_event_names(self, event_type):
names = []
for bit, name in inotify.constants.MASK_LOOKUP.items():
if event_type & bit:
names.append(name)
event_type -= bit
if event_type == 0:
break
assert event_type == 0, \
"We could not resolve all event-types: (%d)" % (event_type,)
return names
def _handle_inotify_event(self, wd):
"""Handle a series of events coming-in from inotify."""
b = os.read(wd, 1024)
if not b:
return
self.__buffer += b
while 1:
length = len(self.__buffer)
if length < _STRUCT_HEADER_LENGTH:
_LOGGER.debug("Not enough bytes for a header.")
return
# We have, at least, a whole-header in the buffer.
peek_slice = self.__buffer[:_STRUCT_HEADER_LENGTH]
header_raw = struct.unpack(
_HEADER_STRUCT_FORMAT,
peek_slice)
header = _INOTIFY_EVENT(*header_raw)
type_names = self._get_event_names(header.mask)
_LOGGER.debug("Events received in stream: {}".format(type_names))
event_length = (_STRUCT_HEADER_LENGTH + header.len)
if length < event_length:
return
filename = self.__buffer[_STRUCT_HEADER_LENGTH:event_length]
# Our filename is 16-byte aligned and right-padded with NULs.
filename_bytes = filename.rstrip(b'\0')
self.__buffer = self.__buffer[event_length:]
path = self.__watches_r.get(header.wd)
if path is not None:
filename_unicode = filename_bytes.decode('utf8')
yield (header, type_names, path, filename_unicode)
buffer_length = len(self.__buffer)
if buffer_length < _STRUCT_HEADER_LENGTH:
break
def event_gen(
self, timeout_s=None, yield_nones=True, filter_predicate=None,
terminal_events=_DEFAULT_TERMINAL_EVENTS):
"""Yield one event after another. If `timeout_s` is provided, we'll
break when no event is received for that many seconds.
"""
# We will either return due to the optional filter or because of a
# timeout. The former will always set this. The latter will never set
# this.
self.__last_success_return = None
last_hit_s = time.time()
while True:
block_duration_s = self.__get_block_duration()
# Poll, but manage signal-related errors.
try:
events = self.__epoll.poll(block_duration_s)
except IOError as e:
if e.errno != EINTR:
raise
if timeout_s is not None:
time_since_event_s = time.time() - last_hit_s
if time_since_event_s > timeout_s:
break
continue
# Process events.
for fd, event_type in events:
# (fd) looks to always match the inotify FD.
names = self._get_event_names(event_type)
_LOGGER.debug("Events received from epoll: {}".format(names))
for (header, type_names, path, filename) \
in self._handle_inotify_event(fd):
last_hit_s = time.time()
e = (header, type_names, path, filename)
for type_name in type_names:
if filter_predicate is not None and \
filter_predicate(type_name, e) is False:
self.__last_success_return = (type_name, e)
return
elif type_name in terminal_events:
raise TerminalEventException(type_name, e)
yield e
if timeout_s is not None:
time_since_event_s = time.time() - last_hit_s
if time_since_event_s > timeout_s:
break
if yield_nones is True:
yield None
@property
def last_success_return(self):
return self.__last_success_return
class _BaseTree(object):
def __init__(self, mask=inotify.constants.IN_ALL_EVENTS,
block_duration_s=_DEFAULT_EPOLL_BLOCK_DURATION_S):
# No matter what we actually received as the mask, make sure we have
# the minimum that we require to curate our list of watches.
self._mask = mask | \
inotify.constants.IN_ISDIR | \
inotify.constants.IN_CREATE | \
inotify.constants.IN_DELETE
self._i = Inotify(block_duration_s=block_duration_s)
def event_gen(self, ignore_missing_new_folders=False, **kwargs):
"""This is a secondary generator that wraps the principal one, and
adds/removes watches as directories are added/removed.
If we're doing anything funky and allowing the events to queue while a
rename occurs then the folder may no longer exist. In this case, set
`ignore_missing_new_folders`.
"""
for event in self._i.event_gen(**kwargs):
if event is not None:
(header, type_names, path, filename) = event
if header.mask & inotify.constants.IN_ISDIR:
full_path = os.path.join(path, filename)
if (
(header.mask & inotify.constants.IN_MOVED_TO) or
(header.mask & inotify.constants.IN_CREATE)
) and \
(
os.path.exists(full_path) is True or
ignore_missing_new_folders is False
):
_LOGGER.debug("A directory has been created. We're "
"adding a watch on it (because we're "
"being recursive): [%s]", full_path)
self._i.add_watch(full_path, self._mask)
if header.mask & inotify.constants.IN_MOVED_FROM:
_LOGGER.debug("A directory has been removed. We're "
"being recursive, but it would have "
"automatically been deregistered: [%s]",
full_path)
# The watch would've already been cleaned-up internally.
self._i.remove_watch(full_path, superficial=True)
elif header.mask & inotify.constants.IN_MOVED_FROM:
_LOGGER.debug("A directory has been renamed. We're "
"being recursive, but it would have "
"automatically been deregistered: [%s]",
full_path)
self._i.remove_watch(full_path, superficial=True)
elif header.mask & inotify.constants.IN_MOVED_TO:
_LOGGER.debug("A directory has been renamed. We're "
"adding a watch on it (because we're "
"being recursive): [%s]", full_path)
self._i.add_watch(full_path, self._mask)
yield event
@property
def inotify(self):
return self._i
class InotifyTree(_BaseTree):
"""Recursively watch a path."""
def __init__(self, path, mask=inotify.constants.IN_ALL_EVENTS,
block_duration_s=_DEFAULT_EPOLL_BLOCK_DURATION_S):
super(InotifyTree, self).__init__(mask=mask, block_duration_s=block_duration_s)
self.__root_path = path
self.__load_tree(path)
def __load_tree(self, path):
_LOGGER.debug("Adding initial watches on tree: [%s]", path)
paths = []
q = [path]
while q:
current_path = q[0]
del q[0]
paths.append(current_path)
for filename in os.listdir(current_path):
entry_filepath = os.path.join(current_path, filename)
if os.path.isdir(entry_filepath) is False:
continue
q.append(entry_filepath)
for path in paths:
self._i.add_watch(path, self._mask)
class InotifyTrees(_BaseTree):
"""Recursively watch over a list of trees."""
def __init__(self, paths, mask=inotify.constants.IN_ALL_EVENTS,
block_duration_s=_DEFAULT_EPOLL_BLOCK_DURATION_S):
super(InotifyTrees, self).__init__(mask=mask, block_duration_s=block_duration_s)
self.__load_trees(paths)
def __load_trees(self, paths):
_LOGGER.debug("Adding initial watches on trees: [%s]", ",".join(map(str, paths)))
found = []
q = paths
while q:
current_path = q[0]
del q[0]
found.append(current_path)
for filename in os.listdir(current_path):
entry_filepath = os.path.join(current_path, filename)
if os.path.isdir(entry_filepath) is False:
continue
q.append(entry_filepath)
for path in found:
self._i.add_watch(path, self._mask)
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